Epidemiological studies have established a causal relationship between cigarette smoking
and respiratory tract cancer. The knowledge about the interaction of tobacco constituents …

Background. Approximately 25% of lung cancer cases worldwide, mostly adenocarcinomas,
are not attributable to tobacco use. Despite that some striking differences have been …

Tobacco smoking is the most common cause of lung cancer, but approximately 10–25% of
patients with lung cancer are life-long never smokers. The cause of lung cancer in never …

Cigarette smoking is the major cause of cancers of the respiratory tract, including non‐small
cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and head and neck cancer (HNC). In order to better understand …

To elucidate the effect of cigarette smoke on developing lung cancer among individuals,
numerous genetic and epigenetic factors related to cigarette smoke-induced lung cancers …

Background There are several risk factors for lung cancer, including environmental and
occupational factors, and the genetic predisposition of the individual. Cigarette smoking is …

Half of the female patients with adenocarcinoma in East Asia are never-smokers. Proteomic
analysis of tumor tissue may throw important light on the pathogenesis of this interesting …

Background/Aim: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Cigarette
smoke is the most important risk factor for cancer development. Growing evidence indicates …

Background: The early diagnosis and effective prognostic treatment measures for lung
cancer are still limited, leading to a 5-year survival rate of less than 15% for these patients …

Cigarette smoking is the leading risk factor for lung cancer, which accounts for the highest
number of cancer‑related mortalities worldwide in men and women. Individuals with a …