The Estrogen Receptors: An Overview from Different Perspectives

Methods Mol Biol. 2016:1366:1-10. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3127-9_1.

Abstract

The estrogen receptors, ERα, ERβ, and GPER, mediate the effects of estrogenic compounds on their target tissues. Estrogen receptors are located in the tissues of the female reproductive tract and breast as one would expect, but also in tissues as diverse as bone, brain, liver, colon, skin, and salivary gland. The purpose of this discussion of the estrogen receptors is to provide a brief overview of the estrogen receptors and estrogen action from perspectives such as the historical, physiological, pharmacological, pathological, structural, and ligand perspectives.

Keywords: ERα; ERβ; Estrogen receptor s; GPER; Review.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Disease Susceptibility
  • Estrogen Antagonists / pharmacology
  • Estrogen Receptor alpha* / drug effects
  • Estrogen Receptor alpha* / genetics
  • Estrogen Receptor alpha* / metabolism
  • Estrogen Receptor beta* / drug effects
  • Estrogen Receptor beta* / genetics
  • Estrogen Receptor beta* / metabolism
  • Estrogens / pharmacology
  • Evolution, Molecular
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Ligands
  • Male
  • Receptors, Estrogen* / drug effects
  • Receptors, Estrogen* / genetics
  • Receptors, Estrogen* / metabolism
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled* / drug effects
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled* / genetics
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled* / metabolism
  • Risk Factors
  • Sex Factors
  • Signal Transduction

Substances

  • Estrogen Antagonists
  • Estrogen Receptor alpha
  • Estrogen Receptor beta
  • Estrogens
  • GPER1 protein, human
  • Ligands
  • Receptors, Estrogen
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled