DNA strand breaks induced by nuclear hijacking of neuronal NOS as an anti-cancer effect of 2-methoxyestradiol

Oncotarget. 2015 Jun 20;6(17):15449-63. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.3913.

Abstract

2-Methoxyestradiol (2-ME) is a physiological metabolite of 17β-estradiol. At pharmacological concentrations, 2-ME inhibits colon, breast and lung cancer in tumor models. Here we investigated the effect of physiologically relevant concentrations of 2-ME in osteosarcoma cell model. We demonstrated that 2-ME increased nuclear localization of neuronal nitric oxide synthase, resulting in nitro-oxidative DNA damage. This in turn caused cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells. We suggest that 2-ME is a naturally occurring hormone with potential anti-cancer properties.

Keywords: 2-methoxyestradiol; neuronal nitric oxide synthase; nitric oxide; osteosarcoma; reactive nitrogen species.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • 2-Methoxyestradiol
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Bone Neoplasms / pathology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cytokinesis / drug effects
  • DNA Breaks / drug effects*
  • Estradiol / analogs & derivatives*
  • Estradiol / pharmacology
  • G2 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / genetics
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / metabolism
  • M Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / drug effects
  • Nitric Oxide / biosynthesis
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I / genetics*
  • Osteosarcoma / pathology*
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Reactive Nitrogen Species / metabolism
  • Tumor Suppressor p53-Binding Protein 1

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Reactive Nitrogen Species
  • TP53BP1 protein, human
  • Tumor Suppressor p53-Binding Protein 1
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Estradiol
  • 2-Methoxyestradiol
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I