Sir,
In a recent study, Marotta et al (2003) reported integrin-linked kinase (ILK) overexpression and dysregulation of ILK signalling in sporadic human colon cancer. It was concluded that the dysregulation of ILK signalling is an important early event in the development of the disease.
We studied ILK expression in 84 human colorectal tumours (four adenomas and 80 carcinomas) by immunohistochemistry in order to assess whether ILK is involved in the development and progression of human colorectal carcinoma. Paraffin-embedded tissue samples were retrieved from the files of the Departments of Pathology, ‘Agios Andreas’ General Hospital, Patras, Greece and University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece. Clinicopathologic parameters were obtained from the pathology reports. Carcinomas were graded as: well, moderately and poorly differentiated on the basis of the degree of gland formation and staged according to the Astler Coller staging system. Immunohistochemical analysis was carried out using a standard streptavidin–biotin–peroxidase technique. Primary polyclonal anti-ILK antibody was obtained from Upstate Biotechnology (dilution 1 : 500), and immunodetection was performed with StrAvigen Multilink Immunodetection system B-SA (Biogenex) using DAB as the chromogen. Negative and positive controls were used in the study. The immunostaining intensity was evaluated by light microscopy and scored as negative (−), weak (+), moderate (++) and strong (+++). Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 10 for Windows. Relationships between ILK expression and clinicopathologic parameters were evaluated by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test post-hoc analysis. P-values<0.05 were considered to be significant.
There was no ILK immunoreactivity in the normal colonic epithelium (Figure 1A, B), while the majority of adenomas (75%) and in situ carcinomas (83.3%) were ILK positive (Figure 1C, D). All invasive carcinomas were positive (Figure 1E, F). The levels of expression were significantly higher in invasive compared with noninvasive lesions (P<0.001). The intensity of ILK expression was also correlated with the depth of invasion (P<0.001), presence of lymph node metastasis (P<0.01), tumour grade (P<0.001) (Figure 2) and overall staging (P<0.001) (Table 1). In all positive lesions, >90% of tumour cells were stained (diffuse pattern) and ILK immunostaining was confined to the cytoplasm.
Our results seem to indicate that, in addition to being involved in the initiation of colon carcinogenesis, as suggested by Marotta et al (2003), ILK may also be implicated in the progression, invasiveness and metastatic potential of colorectal cancer. Thus, ILK may prove to be a useful prognostic marker for these tumours.
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16 November 2011
This paper was modified 12 months after initial publication to switch to Creative Commons licence terms, as noted at publication
References
Marotta A, Parhar K, Owen D, Dedhar S, Salh B (2003) Characterization of integrin-linked kinase signalling in sporadic human colon cancer. Br J Cancer 88: 1755–1762
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This work was supported by the Postgraduate Programme in Basic Medical Sciences of Medical School, University of Patras.
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Bravou, V., Klironomos, G., Papadaki, E. et al. Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) expression in human colon cancer. Br J Cancer 89, 2340–2341 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6601482
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6601482
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