Skip to main content

PharmGKB: The Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base

  • Protocol
  • First Online:
Book cover Pharmacogenomics

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1015))

Abstract

The Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base, PharmGKB, is an interactive tool for researchers investigating how genetic variation affects drug response. The PharmGKB Web site, http://www.pharmgkb.org, displays genotype, molecular, and clinical knowledge integrated into pathway representations and Very Important Pharmacogene (VIP) summaries with links to additional external resources. Users can search and browse the knowledgebase by genes, variants, drugs, diseases, and pathways. Registration is free to the entire research community, but subject to agreement to use for research purposes only and not to redistribute. Registered users can access and download data to aid in the design of future pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics studies.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. NIH. Goals for the PGRN. http://www.nigms.nih.gov/Research/FeaturedPrograms/PGRN/

  2. Altman RB, Klein TE (2002) Challenges for biomedical informatics and pharmacogenomics. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 42:113–133

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Povey S et al (2001) The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC). Hum Genet 109:678–680

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Wishart DS et al (2006) DrugBank: a comprehensive resource for in silico drug discovery and exploration. Nucleic Acids Res 34:D668–D672

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Eichelbaum M et al (2009) New feature: pathways and important genes from PharmGKB. Pharmacogenet Genomics 19:403

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Sangkuhl K et al (2008) PharmGKB: understanding the effects of individual genetic variants. Drug Metab Rev 40:539–551

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Relling MV, Klein TE (2011) CPIC: clinical pharmacogenetics implementation consortium of the pharmacogenomics research network. Clin Pharmacol Ther 89:464–467

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Swen JJ et al (2011) Pharmacogenetics: from bench to byte–an update of guidelines. Clin Pharmacol Ther 89:662–673

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Bolton E, Wang Y, Thiessen PA, Bryant SH (2008) PubChem: integrated platform of small molecules and biological activities. In: Annual Reports in Computational Chemistry. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  10. (US), N. L. o. M. MeSH Browser http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/MBrowser.html

  11. Organisation, I. H. T. S. D. SNOMED CT http://www.ihtsdo.org/snomed-ct/

  12. Rubin DL et al (2005) A statistical approach to scanning the biomedical literature for pharmacogenetics knowledge. J Am Med Inform Assoc 12:121–129

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Altman RB et al (2003) Indexing pharmacogenetic knowledge on the World Wide Web. Pharmacogenetics 13:3–5

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Garten Y, Altman RB (2009) Pharmspresso: a text mining tool for extraction of pharmacogenomic concepts and relationships from full text. BMC Bioinformatics 10(Suppl 2):S6

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Coulet A et al (2010) Using text to build semantic networks for pharmacogenomics. J Biomed Inform 43:1009–1019

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Chen J et al (2010) Interethnic comparisons of important pharmacology genes using SNP databases: potential application to drug regulatory assessments. Pharmacogenomics 11:1077–1094

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Sissung TM et al (2010) Clinical pharmacology and pharmacogenetics in a genomics era: the DMET platform. Pharmacogenomics 11:89–103

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Gamazon ER et al (2009) A pharmacogene database enhanced by the 1000 Genomes Project. Pharmacogenet Genomics 19:829–832

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Feng J et al (2010) Compilation of a comprehensive gene panel for systematic assessment of genes that govern an individual’s drug responses. Pharmacogenomics 11:1403–1425

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Demir E et al (2010) The BioPAX community standard for pathway data sharing. Nat Biotechnol 28:935–942

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Desta Z et al (2009) Antiestrogen pathway (aromatase inhibitor). Pharmacogenet Genomics 19:554–555

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Thorn CF, Klein TE, Altman RB (2009) Codeine and morphine pathway. Pharmacogenet Genomics 19:556–558

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Yang J et al (2009) Etoposide pathway. Pharmacogenet Genomics 19:552–553

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Marsh S et al (2009) Platinum pathway. Pharmacogenet Genomics 19:563–564

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Sangkuhl K, Klein TE, Altman RB (2009) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors pathway. Pharmacogenet Genomics 19:907–909

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Zaza G et al (2010) Thiopurine pathway. Pharmacogenet Genomics 20:573–574

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Gong L, Altman RB, Klein TE (2011) Bisphosphonates pathway. Pharmacogenet Genomics 21:50–53

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Maitland ML et al (2010) Vascular endothelial growth factor pathway. Pharmacogenet Genomics 20:346–349

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Sangkuhl K, Klein TE, Altman RB (2010) Clopidogrel pathway. Pharmacogenet Genomics 20:463–465

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Sangkuhl K et al (2011) Platelet aggregation pathway. Pharmacogenet Genomics 21(8):516–521

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Oshiro C et al (2009) Taxane Pathway. Pharmacogenet Genomics 19:979–983

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Mikkelsen TS et al (2011) PharmGKB summary: methotrexate pathway. Pharmacogenet Genomics 21(10):679–686

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Sangkuhl K, Klein TE, Altman RB (2011) PharmGKB summary: citalopram pharmacokinetics pathway. Pharmacogenet Genomics 21(11):769–772

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Thorn CF et al (2011) Doxorubicin pathways: pharmacodynamics and adverse effects. Pharmacogenet Genomics 21(7):440–446

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Thorn CF et al (2011) PharmGKB summary: fluoropyrimidine pathways. Pharmacogenet Genomics 21:237–242

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Sim SC, Altman RB, Ingelman-Sundberg M (2011) Databases in the area of pharmacogenetics. Hum Mutat 32:526–531

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Thorn CF, Klein TE, Altman RB (2010) Pharmacogenomics and bioinformatics: PharmGKB. Pharmacogenomics 11:501–505

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge Dorit Berlin, Michelle Whirl Carrillo, John Conroy, Adrien Coulet, Sean David, Katrina Easton, Ray Fergerson, Yael Garten, Li Gong, Mei Gong, Winston Gor, Joan Hebert, Tina Hernandez-Boussard, Micheal Hewett, Amy Hodge, Laura Hodges, Daniel Holbert, Tiffany Jung, Mark Kiuchi, Steve Lin, Feng Liu, Xing Jian Lou, Charity Lu, Andrew MacBride, Ellen McDonagh, Diane Oliver, Connie Oshiro, Ryan Owen, Daniel Rubin, Katrin Sangkuhl, Farhad Shafa, Ravi Shankar, Rebecca Tang, TC Truong, Ryan Whaley, Mark Woon, and Tina Zhou for their contributions to building the PharmGKB.

The PharmGKB is financially supported by NIH/NIGMS (R24GM61374).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Thorn, C.F., Klein, T.E., Altman, R.B. (2013). PharmGKB: The Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base. In: Innocenti, F., van Schaik, R. (eds) Pharmacogenomics. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1015. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-435-7_20

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-435-7_20

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-62703-434-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-62703-435-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics