RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 The Warburg Effect and Mass Spectrometry-based Proteomic Analysis
JF Cancer Genomics - Proteomics
JO Cancer Genomics Proteomics
FD International Institute of Anticancer Research
SP 211
OP 218
VO 14
IS 4
A1 WEIDONG ZHOU
A1 LANCE A. LIOTTA
A1 EMANUEL F. PETRICOIN
YR 2017
UL http://cgp.iiarjournals.org/content/14/4/211.abstract
AB Compared to normal cells, cancer cells have a unique metabolism by performing lactic acid fermentation in the presence of oxygen, also known as the Warburg effect. Researchers have proposed several hypotheses to elucidate the phenomenon, but the mechanism is still an enigma. In this review, we discuss three typical models, such as “damaged mitochondria”, “adaptation to hypoxia”, and “cell proliferation requirement”, as well as contributions from mass spectrometry analysis toward our understanding of the Warburg effect. Mass spectrometry analysis supports the “adaptation to hypoxia” model that cancer cells are using quasi-anaerobic fermentation to reduce oxygen consumption in vivo. We further propose that hypoxia is an early event and it plays a crucial role in carcinoma initiation and development.